Paper 1 — language

Summary technique

One fact per sentence. No example from outside the passage. Write the word count if it is asked.

CAPS

Grade 12 · Tshivenḓa First Additional Language · Summary technique

Paper 1 stays inside the text that was printed.

  • Comprehension

    Read twice. The main idea is what the whole passage is doing, not the one lively sentence. A quote must be words that are actually there. If the question says “in your own words”, a copied sentence does not score.

  • Summary

    Lift only the facts the instruction names. One fact per sentence, in your own words. Write the word count in brackets. The usual limit is about 70 words, or the limit printed on the paper. Do not add a moral, a title, or a fact from your own life.

  • Language in context

    The last section of Paper 1 is 40 marks. You may be asked for a part of speech, a tense, direct or indirect speech, concord, or the meaning of a word as it is used in that passage. The dictionary meaning is wrong if the passage uses the word another way.

  • Visual text on Paper 1

    A cartoon or an advertisement is still comprehension. Name the audience, the purpose, and one technique (a speech bubble, a facial expression, a slogan, a contrast). Colour on its own is not the message.

Paper 1 is 80 marks. Comprehension is 30, the summary is 10, and language structures make up the rest. Own words and a matching quote are what the memo can tick.

nounverbobjectadjectiveadverb

Worked example

Read the passage written for Summary technique and answer in Tshivenda First Additional Language.

Simplified approach

Keep the facts. Drop the decoration. Count the words.

Culture note

CAPS Tshivenda First Additional Language First Additional Language punishes copying and punishes facts you invented.

Step 1 / 4

Skill steps

Read twice. List three facts. Write one sentence each. Cut until you are inside about 70 words, or the limit printed on the paper.

More worked examples

Board walkthroughs on this topic. Open one, copy the working, then try the next.

Example 1 / 20

Bammbiri 1 u pfesesa, Gireidi 12. Tshipiḓa: “Mutalo kha kiliniki u tshimbila zwiṱuku nga murahu ha mvula. Nese u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho, mutukana a dzula fhethu hawe.” Muhumbulo muhulwane ndi ufhio? Topola maipfi maṋa a u khwaṱhisaho.

4. Step-by-step working

  1. 01

    Mbuno

    A bvi kha mutalo. Nese u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho, ene u a dzula.

    muhumbulo: u lindela tshifhinga tshawe
  2. 02

    Shumisa mulayo

    Topola fhedzi zwo ṅwalwaho: “u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho”.

    zwo topolwaho
  3. 03

    Sedza

    Zwo topolwaho zwi khwaṱhisa muhumbulo. Zwo topolwaho nga mvula fhedzi a zwi nga swiki kha mbuno.

    zwo topolwaho zwi a tshimbilelana

How we got there

Read this like a teacher at the board. We go slowly, name every number, and say why we take each step.

Explain in another language · 11

1. What is the question asking?

Read the question twice. Circle the unknown. Underline every number and unit. The paper is asking: Bammbiri 1 u pfesesa, Gireidi 12. Tshipiḓa: “Mutalo kha kiliniki u tshimbila zwiṱuku nga murahu ha mvula. Nese u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho, mutukana a dzula fhethu hawe.” Muhumbulo muhulwane ndi ufhio? Topola maipfi maṋa a u khwaṱhisaho.

In other words — as if you have never seen this before

If you have never seen this before: Muhumbulo muhulwane u kha tshipiḓa tshoṱhe, a u kha ipfi ḽithihi. Zwo topolwaho zwi fanela u bva kha maṅwalwa. We will name a method in words, write the formula with no numbers, then substitute one line at a time.

2. What do we already know?

tshipiḓa tsha vhulapfu ha NSC

3. Which method — and why this one?

Muhumbulo muhulwane u kha tshipiḓa tshoṱhe, a u kha ipfi ḽithihi. Zwo topolwaho zwi fanela u bva kha maṅwalwa.

4. Step-by-step working

  1. 01 / 06

    Mbuno

    A bvi kha mutalo. Nese u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho, ene u a dzula.

    muhumbulo: u lindela tshifhinga tshawe

    Why this step: We only do one job per line so a marker can follow the marks — and so you can find a slip without starting over.

  2. 02 / 06

    Shumisa mulayo

    Topola fhedzi zwo ṅwalwaho: “u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho”.

    zwo topolwaho

    Why this step: We only do one job per line so a marker can follow the marks — and so you can find a slip without starting over.

  3. 03 / 06

    Sedza

    Zwo topolwaho zwi khwaṱhisa muhumbulo. Zwo topolwaho nga mvula fhedzi a zwi nga swiki kha mbuno.

    zwo topolwaho zwi a tshimbilelana

    Why this step: We only do one job per line so a marker can follow the marks — and so you can find a slip without starting over.

  4. 04 / 06

    Step G — Sense-check the size

    Ask: is this the kind of number a Grade 10–12 paper would want? A speed of 3 000 ms for a learner walking, or a probability bigger than 1, means a unit or algebra slip. Estimate first: round the numbers and do the sum in your head.

    Why this step: Markers write ‘unrealistic’ in the margin when the method is right but the size is wild. A 10-second head check often finds a missing 10² or a unit that never changed.

  5. 05 / 06

    Step F — Box the answer with its unit

    Mutukana u dzula kha mutalo u swika dzina ḽawe ḽi tshi vhidzwa. Vhuṱanzi: “u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho”.

    Why this step: A number without a unit is half a mark on a Physics paper, and a marker can miss a Maths answer that is buried in working.

  6. 06 / 06

    Step H — What the marker is looking for

    On an NSC memo you usually earn: (1) a method mark for naming the right formula or idea in words, (2) an accuracy mark for substituting the given numbers with units, (3) an accuracy mark for the boxed answer with its unit. Write those three lines even if you are unsure of the arithmetic — blank pages score zero.

    Why this step: First-timers chase the final number and leave the method blank. The memo still pays out for the idea and the substitution even when the last line is wrong.

5. The answer

Mutukana u dzula kha mutalo u swika dzina ḽawe ḽi tshi vhidzwa. Vhuṱanzi: “u vhidza dzina ḽi tevhelaho”.

6. Check it like a marker

Ni songo engedza nndwa, tshifanyiso kana maḓipfi a sa ambiwi. Maraga a u pfesesa a dzula ngomu ha maṅwalwa.

7. A trap first-timers fall into

First-timers often grab the first formula they remember, mix units (cm with m, minutes with seconds), or drop a minus sign. Write the formula in words first: “this equals that, because…”

Ntsako · fx-991ZA PLUS. Tap to calculate.